Everything about Frederick I Elector Of Saxony totally explained
Frederick IV, Margrave of Meissen, Landgrave of Thuringia and Elector of Saxony (Frederick the Belligerent (the Warlike) (
11 April 1370 –
4 January 1428) was
Markgraf of Meißen,
Landgraf of Thuringia and
Elector of Saxony from
1381 until his death.
Biography
He was the eldest son of
Frederick III, Landgrave of Thuringia and
Katharina von Henneberg. After the death of his uncle
William II, Margrave of Meissen in 1407, he governed the Margraviate of Meissen together with his brother
William III as well as with his cousin
Frederick (son of
Balthasar). After secession in
1410 and
1415 he received the Mark Meissen to autocracy.
In the
German town war of
1388 he assisted
Frederick V of Hohenzollern, burgrave of
Nuremberg, and in
1391 did the same for the
Teutonic Order against
Wladislaus II of Poland. He supported
Rupert III, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, in his struggle with King
Wenceslaus for the German throne, probably because Wenceslaus refused to fulfil a promise to give him his sister
Anna in marriage.
The danger to Germany from the
Hussites induced Frederick to ally himself with Emperor
Sigismund; and he took a leading part in the war against them, during the earlier years of which he met with considerable success. In the prosecution of this enterprise Frederick spent large sums of money, for which he received various places in
Bohemia and elsewhere in pledge from Sigismund, who further rewarded him in
6 January 1423 with the vacant
electoral Duchy of
Saxony-Wittenberg; and Fredericks formal investiture followed at
Ofen on the
1 August 1425. Thus ascended Frederick IV, who called himself Frederick I now, to the duke and elector. Thus spurred to renewed efforts against the Hussites, the elector was endeavouring to rouse the German princes to aid him in prosecuting this war when the Saxon army was almost annihilated at
Aussig on the
16 August 1426.
After the death of his brother William Frederick became ruler over the entire possession of The
House of Wettin except
Thuringia.
Frederick died in 1428 at
Altenburg. He was buried as first
Wettin in the
cathedral chapel in Meissen.
In 1409, in conjunction with his brother William, he founded the
University of Leipzig, for the benefit of German students who had just left the
University of Prague.
Ancestry
Family
Frederick I married
8 February 1402 with
Catherine of Brunswick, daughter of
Henry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and had 7 children:
- Katharina, died young;
- Friedrich II "der Sanftmütige" (1412 – 1464);
- Sigismund, Bishop of Würzburg, (3 March 1416 – 24 December 1471);
- Anna, (5 June 1420 – 17 September 1462), married to Louis I, Landgrave of Hesse;
- Katharina, (1421 – 23 August 1476, Berlin), married to Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg;
- Heinrich, (21 May 1422 – 22 July 1435);
- Wilhelm "der Tapfere" (1425 – 1482), Landgrave of Thuringia, Duke of Luxemburg;
Further Information
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